Tips For Fixing Trojans In The Boot Kernel

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A rootkit is a complete set of computer software, usually malware, that has been created to provide access to a computer and / or an area of ​​its software that is not explicitly authorized in any other way (for example, all days or other software. ^[1] The term “rootkit” consists of “root” (the traditional name for an extended account on Unix-like operating systems) and more part of the Word “set” (refers to the software components of the software that implements the tool). The name ^[2] “Rootkit” has a negative connotation of associating its owners with malware. ^[1]

Rootkit installation can be mechanized; an attacker can install it after gaining root or administrator rights. Access here is a direct fight in the system, that is, the exploitation of a known vulnerability (such as privileges or escalation) using a password (obtained by hacking or through social electrical tactics such as “phishing”). Once installed, you can successfully hide the intrusion as well as preserve privileged access. Complete removal through the system means that existing software applications can be modified, including software that could otherwise be used to detect or bypass them.

Rootkit detection is difficult because almost any rootkit can infiltrate the software it needs to find. Detection methods include the use of alternativesA robust and reliable operating system, behavior-based techniques, signature analysis, significant difference analysis, and dump analysis. Removal can be potentially difficult or nearly impossible, especially if the rootkit resides in someone else’s kernel; Reinstalling the operating system may be the only solution available. When it comes to rootkits, the convenience of flashing may require hardware or hardware replacement.

History

The term rootkit root or kit, originally used to refer to a set of administrative tools maliciously modified for a Unix-like operating system that provides “root” access. If an ^[3] attacker compromises standard system administration tools using a rootkit, the attacker can easily gain root access to the system, hiding these actions from the legal system administrator if he gains access to the same information ^{[4] [5]} Lane Davis and Stephen Dake wrote the first rootkit, which was named in 1990 after the use of Sun Microsystems SunOS UNIX system d. [6] At a conference he supported after receiving the Turing Prize in 83, Ken Of Thompson Bell Labs, one of the creators of Unix, put forward a theory related to the weakening of C compilers. A Unix related exploit that is widely discussed. The new compiler will recognize attempts to compile the Unix login command and create modified software that accepts not only a strong user password, but an additional backdoor password, called an attacker’s case. In addition, the compiler is more likely to detect attempts to compile a new compiler application and will often include them in new compiler exploits. Examining the source code of the login command or an updated compiler will most likely not reveal any malicious code. ^[7] This quote is equivalent to a rootkit.

The first hijacked computer virus, discovered in 1986 and targeting private computers, used concealment techniques for concealment: a brain virus intercepted attempts to read the boot sector and sent them directly.Somewhere else on your hard drive. A copy of the original launch group is stored here. ^[1] Over time, hiding DOS viruses has become more sophisticated. Advanced techniques included making low-level BIOS 13H int interrupt calls that mask unauthorized file changes. ^[1]

The first malicious Windows NT rootkit appeared in 1999: the NTRootkit Trojan by Greg Hoglund] The first Mac OS X rootkit appeared in 2009, ^[9] while Stuxnet The worm primarily targets programmable logic controllers (PLCs). ^[10]

Sony BMG Rootkit Copy Protection Scandal

In 2005, Sony BMG released CDs containing copy protection and JPEG rights management software called Extended Protection, created by software company First 4 Internet. The software included a music player, but unfortunately quietly installed a rootkit that limited the new user’s access to the CD. ^[11] Software Engineer Mark Russinovich, who developed the complete cpThe rootkit detection tool, RootkitRevealer, has detected this rootkit on one of its computers. ^[1] The controversy that followed increased public awareness of rootkits. ^[12] To disguise the rootkit hid those user-supplied files that begin with “$ sys $”. Soon after Russinovich’s report, malware emerged that exploited this vulnerability on compromised systems. A BBC analyst ^[1] called it a “public relations nightmare.” more serious vulnerability. ^[14] The company eventually recalled the CDs. A class action lawsuit was filed against Sony BMG in the United States. ^[15]

Wiretapping Incident In Greece 2004-2005

Greek wiretapping case in 2004-2005, also known as Greek Watergate, ^[16] involves illegal duplication of wiretapping of more than 100 cell phones on the Greek network Vodafone, which is largely belongs to the members of the Greek government are also high rankingliable officials. Tracking began sooner or later in early August 2004 and was terminated in March 2005 without identifying the perpetrators. Criminals installed a rootkit targeting the Ericsson AX Modify phone. According to the IEEE Spectrum, this was “the first time in a long time that a rootkit was discovered in a special system, in this case an Ericsson telephone exchange. “ ^[17] The rootkit was designed to remove memory. Patching Exchange while it is running allows you to intercept when the audit logs are disabled, fix our own commands that list active processes and existing blocks of data, and modify checksum command to lock the data. The backdoor allowed an excellent operator with sysadmin to disable our own wallet transaction log, alarms and access requests related to the monitoring function. ^[17] The detected rootkit was discovered after of how the attackers performed a large incorrectly installed update, which led to non-delivery of SMS texts, which led to aautomatic generation of an error report. Ericsson engineers are known to investigate the error and find hidden blocks of data that contain the memory of the tracked phone numbers using a rootkit and illegal monitoring software.

Usage

Modern rootkits do not have high access, ^[3] , but are actually used to mask other payload software by adding hidden capabilities. Most ^[8] rootkits are generally classified as malware because the payload these people are associated with is malicious. In the current situation, the payload can steal unnoticed user bookmarks, credit information, card processing resources, or regularly perform other unauthorized activities. A small number that resemble rootkits can be viewed by their users as helper applications: for example, a rootkit can hide the CD-ROM emulation driver, allowing video game users to bypass hacking protection, requiringInserting the original installation media into physical optical media. Drive to see if the software works

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